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| c. 620 |
| | | The Irish monk St Aidan moves from Iona to establish a monastery on Lindisfarne | |
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| c. 698 |
| | | The Lindisfarne Gospels are written and illuminated by Celtic monks on the Scottish island of Lindisfarne | |
|  | Lindisfarne Gospels
British Library
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| 843 |
| | | Kenneth king of the Scots is accepted also as king of the Picts, providing the traditional founding event of the kingdom of Scotland | |
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| c. 850 |
| | | Vikings are by now securely established in the Orkneys, Shetlands and Hebrides, and in much of the Scottish mainlaid down to Loch Ness | |
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| c. 850 |
| | | As a gesture of unity, Kenneth MacAlpin brings to Scone (a Pictish royal site) a sacred coronation stone associated with the Scots | |
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| 1040 |
| | | In a battle near Elgin Macbeth kills his cousin Duncan, a rival claimant to the Scottish throne | |
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| 1057 |
| | | Duncan's son, Malcolm, kills Macbeth in battle at Lumphanan - and in the following year is himself crowned at Scone | |
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| c. 1136 |
| | | Walter FitzAlan takes a post as steward with the Scottish king, thus establishing the Stewart family and later dynasty | |
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| 1174 |
| | | The Scottish king, William the Lion, is captured raiding into Northumberland and is taken south with his feet tied beneath his horse | |
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| 1263 |
| | | A Scottish victory over the Norwegians at Largs results in the recovery of the western isles | |
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